Note- If a URL is outdated you may be able to find a copy of the article by entering the URL into the search field at http://www.archive.org/.
2. The stats in Table 1 are from the Notes to Ch. 1 of above. The quote "tax on returns from capital" is from the same Notes. The tax paid by Jews is quoted here in the same form as the original: "over 4 million". It is not clear why Weber did not provide the exact amount.
3. Numbers derived from Table 2 of "Religion and Wealth: The Role of Religious Affiliation and Participation in Early Adult Asset Accumulation" by LISA A. KEISTER, Ohio State University and published in the 9/2003 issue of Social Forces. Keister lists her results for four groups: Jews, Catholics, Mainline Protestants, and Conservative Protestants. Keister states that the number of Mainline Protestants and Conservative Protestants participating in the study were equal and so I averaged the numbers for both. The disagregated numbers are: MP($152,000) CP($93,000).
4. Data is from the General Social Survey conducted by the National Opinion Research Center of the University of Chicago and funded by the NSF. The GSS is reputed to be the second most cited database in sociological research, second only to the census.
The specific codes, or variables used were:
Catholic - rincom98(1-23) relig(2)
Protestant - rincom98(1-23) relig(1)
US average - rincom98
These codes were entered into Berkeley's web based interface for GSS data at http://sda.berkeley.edu:7502/archive.htm.
All the GSS data used can be downloaded from here in the form of the html results pages zipped for compression.
5. Data from the GSS. Codes used were:
table 4a
Irish Catholic - rincom98(1-23) ethnic(14) relig(2)
Irish Protestant - rincom98(1-23) ethnic(14) relig(1)
table 4b
German Catholic - rincom98(1-23) ethnic(11) relig(2)
German Protestant - rincom98(1-23) ethnic(11) relig(1)
6. These numbers are from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. The document is catalogue number CA-DN-00-00/I-EN-I and the copyright is 2000. I do not believe this document is currently available for download from their website(europa.eu.int), though I could be wrong because the site is horribly organized. At one time you could download the 2003 version of this document at http://europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/Public/datashop/print-product/EN?catalogue=Eurostat&product=KS-DN-03-001-__-N-EN&mode=download. If this link doesn't work I suggest going to the "statistics in focus" section and looking under the heading "general statistics", a category which the site considers to be a "theme". If you are like me and share an interest in statistics you will be familiar with the trend that the more information a website has, the more poorly the information will be organized and Eurostat epitomizes this. The Eurostat document does not divide countries by religion. I categorized these countries as Protestant: Denmark, Germany, Holland, Finland, Sweden and the UK. I categorized these countries as Catholic: Austria, Belgium, France, Spain, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, and Portugal.
7. Data from Eurostat document CA-DN-00-00/I-EN-I .
8. Data from Eurostat document CA-DN-00-00/I-EN-I .These Italian regions were long under Muslim rule: Sardinia, Sicily, Calabria, Basilicata and Puglia. Other regions of Italy in addition to these were under Muslim rule for short periods of time, such as decades, but only these regions were under Muslim rule for lengthy periods.
9. Income figures are from Eurostat document CA-DN-00-00/I-EN-I. The approximate years under Muslim rule was calculated with 711 AD as the start of Muslim rule. Muslim rule along the northern tier was calculated to have ended in 750 AD, when a drought drove the Muslims out of the entire northern edge of Spain. This is a well established fact within the field. Asturia is part of the northern tier, but drove the Muslims out in 722 AD. For the rest of the regions the date that the regional capital was liberated is used as the end of Muslim rule. Regional capitals are not synonymous with provincial capitals, as Spain has more provinces than regions as defined in the Eurostat document.
Additional: GALICIA 750 AD http://libro.uca.edu/ics/emspain.htm ASTURIAS 722 AD http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelayo CANTABRIA 750 AD http://libro.uca.edu/ics/emspain.htm PAIS VASCO 750 AD http://libro.uca.edu/ics/emspain.htm NAVARRA 750 http://libro.uca.edu/ics/emspain.htm RIOJA 750 AD http://libro.uca.edu/ics/emspain.htm ARAGON 1118 page 37, JFO MADRID 1085 page 31 JFO CASTILLA -LEON 900 AD http://libro.uca.edu/ics/emspain.htm CASTILLA -LA MANCHA 1085 AD page 31 JFO EXTREMADURA 1230 AD page 88 JFO CATALUÑA 801 AD http://libro.uca.edu/ics/emspain.htm COMUNIDAD VALENCIANA 1238 AD http://libro.uca.edu/ck/ck1.htm BALEARES 1230 AD page 92 JFO ANDALUCIA 1248 AD http://www.sonic.net/~tallen/palmtree/br1.htm MURCIA 1177 AD http://libro.uca.edu/bishko/spr1.htm
JFO is Joseph F. O'Callaghan "Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval Spain"
10. Data derived from Eurostat document CA-DN-00-00/I-EN-I . Spain and Portugal were once completely ruled by Muslims and so were removed from the list of Catholic countries for this table. These Italian regions were long under Muslim rule: Sardinia, Sicily, Calabria, Basilicata and Puglia. Italy's income was calculated by averaging the per capita incomes of the regions outside these five.
11. Data from from Eurostat document CA-DN-00-00/I-EN-I .
12. Table B-22, page 265 of Angus Maddison's "The World Economy: a Millennial Perspective". Maddison is correctly spelled with 2 Ds and the book is well worth reading for anyone who finds these sorts of statistics interesting.
13. Data from from Eurostat document CA-DN-00-00/I-EN-I .
14. Max Weber "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism", translation by Talcott Parsons. Page 35 of my edition.
15. Max Weber "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism", translation by Talcott Parsons. Page 172 of my edition.
16. The four Marx quotes are in order: Karl Marx, "Capital", Volume One, Part VIII, Ch. 26 Karl Marx, "Capital", Volume One, Part VII, Ch. 24 Same as above. Same as above. Same as above.